The higher the f-number, the smaller the aperture and the less is the light that passes through the lens. Opening one full f-stop doubles the amount of light. Closing down one full f-stop halves the amount of light passing through the lens and halves the brightness of the image that falls on the image sensor.
Aperture is the size of opening for lens,
which controls the brightness of the image that passes through the lens and
falls on the image sensor. It is expressed as the F-stop, f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8,
/f4, f/5.6, f/8, f/11, f/16, f/22, or f/32.